Vol. 5 No. 2 (2020): NEW ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Published:
08/30/2020
Articles
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Upgrading vacuum residue by swelling of CO2 gas and catalytic cracking process by using Al2O3 catalyst.
Aditya Retno Utami Universitas Srwijaya , Deby Ansyory Universitas Sriwijaya , Sri Haryati Universitas Sriwijaya , Muhammad Djoni Bustan Universitas SriwijayaVacuum residue is a waste of the production process in the petroleum refining industry. Even though vacuum residue is waste, it still contains hydrocarbon compounds that can be reused as a petroleum derivatives products that have commercial value. Improving the quality of vacuum residue from waste to commercial products is carried out in several stage of the process. In this research, we applied the swelling process as an initial step to weaken and break the long chain carbon of vacuum residue in order to reduce energy consumption. Furthermore, the swelling products will be reprocessed in the catalytic cracking processes to improve the quality and quantity of the product yield. The application of the swelling process can reduce operating conditions temperatures up to 350ºC, and the use of Al2O3 catalyst in the cracking process can produces the product yield that have a good quality after performing the GC-MS analysis test. The content of hydrocarbons in this vacuum residue shows the dominance of aromatic compounds with high octane numbers. The optimum composition of 5%-wt catalyst showed chromatogram composition of 166 compounds with the highest peak at 3.26 retention time owned by toluene with an octane number of 91.
Pages: 69-75Views: - Downloads: -Diversity of Soil Inhabiting Arthropods in Intercropping of Chili and Chinese Mustard Green Applied With Bacillus thuringiensis Based Bio-Insecticides and Synthetic Insecticides Treatment
Fitri Sunarsih sriwijaya university Indonesia , Yulia Pujiastuti Indonesia , Mulawarman MulawarmanBio-insecticide is one of alternative ways in controlling plant pests with many advantages compared to synthetic insecticides, especially in environmental aspects. Bacillus thuringiensis is a microbial agent which most widely used as bio-insecticide to control insect pests belongs to Filum Arthropods. Biodiversity of arthropods in intercropping plants with application of B. Thuringiensis based bio-insecticide was investigated. Chili and mustard chinese green intercropped in which chili was one season and the other was two seasons. B. thuringiensis-based bio-insecticide and chemical insecticide were applicated on those plants. Sampling of arthropods were conducted by pitfall trap and yellow pan trap The result showed relative abundance of arthropods was higher in Bt B. Thuringiensis-based bio-insecticide treatments compared with chemical one. Dominance Index of second season was higher than in first season. Index of evenness resulted no difference (E < 0.5) between first season and second season shows that population level of each species was not different.Pages: 76-81Views: - Downloads: -Implementation of Life-Support Plantation Partnership Area Management Policy of PT. Bumi Mekar Hijau And Farmers Association (Gapoktan) Riding Bersatu In Riding Village, Ogan Komering Ilir District, South Sumatera Province
Deni Priatna Priatna Universitas Sriwijaya Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Indonesia , Rujito Agus Suwignyo , Ardiyan SaptawanManagement of life-support plantation partnership area held by PT. BMH and Farmers Association (Gapoktan) Riding Bersatu had not yet effective because the management realization and community’s welfare had not yet improved. The purpose of this research was to analyze policy implementation effectiveness and arrange policy strategy to increase the realization of life-support plantation partnership area management. Unsuccessful program was influenced by program which did not successfully achieve the given benefit. In addition, program executor did not have agroforestry activity capability; executor’s commitment, and executor’s power, interest, also strategy in implementing agroforestry activity were not considerably play a role in realizing the success of the program. All stakeholders’ obedience and response also became an extremely important thing. If policy content variable did not reach the determined target, the program implementation would not generate optimal result. Therefore, strategy performed to optimize the program was by synchronizing policy content with the policy context in integrated policy system.
Pages: 82-91Views: - Downloads: -Analysis of Domestic Wastewater Management Systems in Low Income Residential Areas
Dody Eko Prasetyo University of Sriwijaya Indonesia , Heni Fitriani University of Sriwijaya , Betty Susanti University of SriwijayaStatistically, access to proper sanitation in Muara Enim Regency reaches 90.75% in 2018, but it needs to be ascertained whether it is safe in the context of no latrine leak that can pollute the environment, especially in areas with the lowest level of population welfare. Muara Lawai village is the village that has the highest number of poor and near poor people and villages with status as underdevelop village in Muara Enim District. Based on an analysis of existing conditions, the facilities for wastewater sanitation infrastructure used by low-income communities (MBR) and non-MBR in Muara Lawai Village were found to be still not feasible and safe. Efforts to provide adequate and safe sanitation infrastructure that can be implemented in Muara Lawai Village are a off-site domestic settlement wastewater system with initial service coverage for 41 households or 205 people. total wastewater generation (Qr) 16.40 m3 / day with peak discharge (Qpeak) of 54.82 m3 / day, minimum discharge (Q min) 2.33 m3 / day and infiltration discharge (Qinf) 12.96 m3 / day, so the design discharge is obtained at 67.78 m3 / day. Calculation results in the service sub-system required a special PVC waste pipe with a roughness value (manning) of 0.012 with details of house connections pipe size 4"along 212.1 m, service pipe size 6" along 178.8 m and main pipe size 8"along 220.7 m. The need for control tubs is 31 units installed at each pipe meeting with a size of 50 x 50 x 50 cm. In the processing sub-system (WWTP building), the processing technology used is anaerobic biofilter with the overall dimensions of the WWTP building of 7.5 x 2.0 x 2.5 m.
Pages: 92-102Views: - Downloads: -Analysing secondary infections of Coronavirus Disease 2019 across the Geopolitical zones of Nigeria using estimated time dependent reproduction number
Muhammed Umar Bibi Federal University of Kashere Nigeria , Saad Ahmed Aliyu Ahmadu Bello University Nigeria , Idris M Jega National Space Research Development AgencyTime dependent reproduction number (TD – R0) is a measure of secondary infections or transmissibility of a disease useful in monitoring changes in the rate of infection and assessing policies put in place to control the spread of a disease. In this study we used daily infections situation report of COVID – 19 published by the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) to estimate Nigeria’s TD – R0 and then repeated the same for the six geo – political zones in the country. Estimates of TD – R0 values for the country from the 23rd of March – 27th of May 2020 fluctuated with a maximum of 2.3 (95% CrI) on the 19th of April and a minimum of 0.83 (95% CrI) on the 16th May 2020. Despite the decline in TD – R0 since the early stages of the outbreak of COVID – 19 in Nigeria suggesting a fall in the expected rate of secondary infection apart from the northwest and the northeast geo – political zones values remain above 1.0 for other zones and the country, generally. The Kolmogorov – Smirnov (KS) test was used to test the null hypothesis stating that the means of TD – R0 across the geo-political zones does not follow the same distribution pattern. After making adjustments for Type 1 – error we accepted the null hypothesis (p < 0.05) for six pairs of geo-political zones. We conclude that our findings are significant in studying the COVID – 19 epidemic in Nigeria and important in evaluating the strategies deployed by governments at the national and regional levels, thus, the same method can be replicated across Africa.Pages: 103-110Views: - Downloads: -Soil Macrofauna as Bioindicator on Aek Loba Palm Oil Plantation Land
Arlen Hanel Jhon University of Sumatera Utara Indonesia , Abdul Rauf , T Sabrina , Erwin Nyak AkoebOil palm plantations of PT. Socfin Indonesia (Socfindo) Aek Loba area has been planted with oil palm since 1931, currently has plants from generation I (± 31 years), II (± 47 years), III (± 74 years), and IV (± 86 years) . The difference in the length of time of utilization and management of plantation land in each generation also determines the presence, both species, density, relative density, and the frequency of the presence of soil macrofauna. Soil macrofauna plays a role in maintaining the balance of the soil ecosystem. This research has been conducted at PT. Socfindo Kebun Aek Loba in February 2017- April 2018. This research was conducted to determine the presence of soil macrofauna on oil palm plantation land of PT. Socfin Indonesia (Socfindo) Aek Loba plantation area. Determination of the sampling point is done by the Purposive Random Sampling method, soil macrofauna sampling using the Quadratic and Hand Sorting methods. There are 29 species of soil macrofauna which are grouped into 2 phyla, 3 classes, 11 orders, 21 families, and 27 genera. The highest density value is in the Generation II area of 401.53 ind / m2 and the lowest density value is in the Generation IV area of 101.59 ind / m2. Frequency The presence of soil macrofauna in the four generations consists of 4 species, namely Pontoscolex corethrurus, Geophilus flavus, Vostax apicedentatus, and Solenopsis fugax.
Pages: 111-119Views: - Downloads: -Climate Change Analysis (Monthly Rainfall) on Palembang Duku Production (Lansium domesticum Corr)
Ratih Wijayanti Sriwijaya University , Edward Saleh Sriwijaya University , Herlina Hanum Sriwijaya University , Nabila ApriantiClimate is one of the conditions needed by plants to increase production. Climate change, especially on rainfall has a significant effect on agriculture because it has a strong dependence on the climate element. Rainfall is one of the climate factors that play a role in supporting the availability of water. Conditions in areas with high rainfall intensity can cause the loss of flowers and fruit, and if there is a long dry season it will affect flowering on plants. This study aimed to determine the effect of rainfall on L. domesticum production for 10 years (2010-2019). The study was conducted in OKU and OKI Regencies. The analytical method used is multiple linear analysis and correlation analysis. From multiple linear analysis and correlation analysis results, there was a fluctuation in the intensity of rainfall for 10 years (2010-2019). Based on the regression analysis, rainfall in June for OKU Regency had a significant effect on L. domesticum production while for OKI Regency the significance occurred in December.
Pages: 120-126Views: - Downloads: -Environmental Aspects and Public Concern for the Environment as Part of Sport Diplomacy at the 2018 Asian Games
Nur Aslamiah Supli International Relations Study Program, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Sriwijaya University Indonesia , Retno S usilowati , Inda Mustika PermataThe environmental aspects and the community's environmental concern are an inseparable part of the Sports Diplomacy at the 2018 Asian Games. This study is aimed at examining the environmental aspects and environmental concerns of the community. Researchers used explorative and descriptive methods. The sampling technique in this study is purposive sampling. Data were gathered using online questionnaires in a google form for likert scale 1-5. The results showed that all the public facilities were considered to be sufficient for visitors to the Jakabaring Sport city during the 2018 Asian Games. Based on the asked opinions with likert scales 1-5 it was found that the respondents’ opinions on the environmental aspects of the games’ facilities were quite good to very good, which included the availability of clean water, garbage boxes, availability of public toilets and smoke-free zones. Less than 10 percent of respondents are concerned about the adequacy of clean water and other public facilities.Pages: 127-133Views: - Downloads: -Make a Submission
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