Microcosmic Study on Heterotrophic CO2 Emission from Tropical Peat as Related to Water Table Modification

Dewi Lastuti, Sabarudin Kadir, Dedik Budianta

Abstract


 

ABSTRACT: A microcosmic experiment was conducted to estimate CO2 emission from peat soils.  Two treatments, peat humification levels (F = Fibric, H = Hemic, S = Sapric) and water levels (G0 = 10 cm; G1= 0 cm; G2 = -10 cm; G3 = -20 cm), were tested and arranged according to factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replicates.  Current study revealed that CO2 emission was significantly affected (p<0.01) by peat humification levels and water levels.  The sapric peat emitted significantly higher CO2 (696.69 b ± 43.95 mg CO2 g-1 peat d-1) than hemic (504.62 a ± 105.72 mg CO2 g-1 peat d-1)and fibric (492.56 a ± 90.69 mg CO2 g-1 peat d-1)peats.  Decreases in water level shifted anaerobic condition into aerobic condition, causing significant increases in CO2 emission.  Regardless of peat humification levels, CO2 emission and water table depth in current study showed a nonlinier relationship.  It seems that a threshold water tables for enhanced CO2 emissions was within the range of -10 to -20 cm below peat surface.

Keywords : microcosmic, peat, humification, CO2 emission.

 

ABSTRAK (Indonesian): Tujuan percobaan skala mikrokosm ini adalah untuk estimasi emisi CO2 dari tanah gambut.  Pengaruh 2 (dua) perlakuan, yaitu tingkat humifikasi gambut (F = Fibrik, H = Hemik, S = Saprik) dan tinggi muka air (G0 = 10 cm; G1= 0 cm; G2 = -10 cm; G3 = -20 cm), disusun menurut Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RALF) dengan 3 (tiga) ulangan.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tingkat humifikasi gambut dan tinggi muka air mempengaruhi emisi CO2 secara nyata  (p<0.01).  Emisi CO2 dari gambut dengan tingkat humifikasi saprik menghasilkan emisi CO2 secara nyata lebih tinggi (696.69 b ± 43.95 mg CO2 g-1 gambut hr-1) dibandingkan dengan emisi CO2 dari gambut hemik (504.62 a ± 105.72 mg CO2 g-1 gambut hr-1) dan fibrik (492.56 a ± 90.69 mg CO2 g-1 gambut hr-1).  Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa perubahan suasana reduktif menjadi oksifatif akibat penurunan muka air juga diikuti oleh peningkatan emisi CO2 secara nyata pada semua tingkat humifikasi gambut.  Besaran emisi CO2 dan muka air tanah menunjukkan pola hubungan nonlinier pada ketiga tingkat kematangan gambut.  Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa tinggi muka air pada ketiga tingkat kematangan gambut yang menjadi pemicu percepatan emisi CO2 adalah berada pada kisaran -10 to -20 cm di bawah permukaan gambut.

Kata kunci : mikrokosm, gambut, humifikasi, emisi CO2.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22135/sje.2016.1.1.5-9

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