Analysis of Ecotourism Development Typology in Indonesia: A Scoping Review

Albertus Erico Jerry Krisna Nugroho, Agung Hidayat, Anastasia Verdilla

Abstract


This research examines the typology of ecotourism development in Indonesia through a scoping review approach by analyzing 37 scientific articles. The results show seven main categories of ecotourism development: education-based, regional or local potential, community, local wisdom, national regulation or strategy, conservation, and disaster mitigation. Each category illustrates a specific approach tailored to Indonesia's geographical, social and cultural conditions. Community-based approaches and local wisdom support active community engagement, while conservation and disaster mitigation-based approaches emphasize the importance of environmental preservation in the face of climate change. By combining perspectives from various disciplines, this research offers novelty in systematic mapping of ecotourism management. Analysis of the effectiveness of government policies, more in-depth exploration in less accessible areas, and the use of digital technology in tourism area management are some recommendations for further research. These results can be an important reference for readers around the world who are interested in ecotourism practices in tropical and developing countries. In addition, they can provide guidance to support sustainability for policy makers, academics, and ecotourism practitioners.


Keywords


Ecotourism, Ecotourism Development, Ecotourism Typology, Indonesia, Scoping Review

Full Text:

FULL TEXT PDF

References


R. Samal and M. Dash, “Ecotourism, biodiversity conservation and livelihoods: Understanding the convergence and divergence,” Int. J. Geoheritage Park., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–20, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.ijgeop.2022.11.001.

F. Hafezi, M. Bijani, S. Gholamrezai, M. Savari, and S. Panzer-Krause, “Towards sustainable community-based ecotourism: A qualitative content analysis,” Sci. Total Environ., vol. 891, no. March, p. 164411, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164411.

M. Kim, Y. Xie, and G. T. Cirella, “Sustainable transformative economy: Community-based ecotourism,” Sustain., vol. 11, no. 18, pp. 1–15, 2019, doi: 10.3390/su11184977.

A. Hausmann, R. Slotow, I. Fraser, and E. Di Minin, “Ecotourism marketing alternative to charismatic megafauna can also support biodiversity conservation,” Anim. Conserv., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 91–100, 2017, doi: 10.1111/acv.12292.

M. R. Mu’tashim and K. Indahsari, “Pengembangan Ekowisata di Indonesia,” J. Usahid Solo, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 295–308, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.usahidsolo.ac.id/index.php/SENRIABDI/article/view/863/652

K. Wisnubroto, “Rapor Biru Pariwisata Nasional,” https://indonesia.go.id/. Accessed: Jan. 14, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://indonesia.go.id/kategori/editorial/7771/rapor-biru-pariwisata-nasional?lang=1

Badan Pusat Statistik Republik Indonesia, “Jumlah Devisa Sektor Pariwisata (Miliar US $), 2021-2022,” Jakarta, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/MTE2MCMy/jumlah-devisa-sektor-pariwisata.html

I. M. Hasibuan, S. Mutthaqin, R. Erianto, and I. Harahap, “Kontribusi Sektor Pariwisata Terhadap Perekonomian Nasional,” J. Masharif al-Syariah J. Ekon. dan Perbank. Syariah, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 1200–1217, 2023.

A. Windyarto and D. Purnomo, “Analisis Pengaruh Ekonomi Kreatif dan Sektor Pariwisata Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia,” Econ. Digit. Bus. Rev., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 329–336, 2024, doi: 10.37531/ecotal.v5i1.1069.

B. Rhama, “Peluang Ekowisata Dalam Industri 4.0 di Indonesia,” J. Ilmu Sos. Polit. dan Pemerintah., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 37–49, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://e-journal.upr.ac.id/index.php/JISPAR/article/view/1036

A. Sya and O. Hotimah, MANAJEMEN EKOWISATA. Jakarta: UNJ Press, 2021.

F. A. Bahwono and I. M. B. Ariwangsa, “Analisis Tipologi Wisatawan dalam Pengembangan Ekowisata di Taman Nasional Komodo, Nusa Tenggara Timur,” J. Destin. Pariwisata, vol. 10, no. 2, p. 173, 2022, doi: 10.24843/jdepar.2022.v10.i02.p02.

A. R. R. Agus, “Analisis Potensi Ekowisata Dan Kesiapan Masyarakat Kecamatan Talamau Dalam Pengembangan Ekowisata,” J. Destin. Pariwisata, vol. 10, no. 2, p. 206, 2022, doi: 10.24843/jdepar.2022.v10.i02.p06.

N. Chrissanty and I. N. Sukma Arida, “Identifikasi Pemasaran Pariwisata Hijau di Kawasan Ekowisata Mangrove Wonorejo, Kota Surabaya,” J. Destin. Pariwisata, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 26, 2020, doi: 10.24843/jdepar.2020.v08.i01.p04.

P. W. P. Suta and I. G. A. O. Mahagangga, “Pengembangan Pariwisata Berbasis Masyarakat (Studi Kasus di Ekowisata Kampoeng Kepiting Tuban, Bali),” J. Destin. Pariwisata, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 144–149, 2017.

I. M. A. K. Jaya and I. N. S. Arida, “Identifikasi Kesesuaian Potensi Ekowisata Di Desa Jatiluwih Kecamatan Penebel Kabupaten Tabanan Dengan Prinsip Ekowisata,” J. Destin. Pariwisata, vol. 5, no. 1, p. 110, 2018, doi: 10.24843/jdepar.2017.v05.i01.p20.

I. Pereira and I. M. Adikampana, “Model Pengelolaan Ekowisata Di Desa Beloi Pulau Atauro Timor-Leste,” J. Destin. Pariwisata, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 356, 2018, doi: 10.24843/jdepar.2017.v05.i02.p28.

H. Khalil et al., “Conducting high quality scoping reviews-challenges and solutions,” J. Clin. Epidemiol., vol. 130, pp. 156–160, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.10.009.

A. C. Tricco et al., “A scoping review on the conduct and reporting of scoping reviews,” BMC Med. Res. Methodol., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2016, doi: 10.1186/s12874-016-0116-4.

N. Roy-Hubara and A. Sturm, “Design methods for the new database era: a systematic literature review,” Softw. Syst. Model., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 297–312, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s10270-019-00739-8.

A. Booth, A. Sutton, M. Clowes, and M. Martyn, Systematic Approaches To A Successful Literature Review. London, UK: SAGE Publication Ltd, 2021.

M. J. Page et al., “The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews,” BMJ, p. n71, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1136/bmj.n71.

N. R. Haddaway, M. J. Page, C. C. Pritchard, and L. A. McGuinness, “Campbell Systematic Reviews - 2022 - Haddaway - PRISMA2020 An R package and Shiny app for producing PRISMA 2020‐compliant.pdf,” 2022.

N. R. Haddaway, M. J. Page, C. C. Pritchard, and L. A. McGuinness, “PRISMA2020: An R package and Shiny app for producing PRISMA 2020-compliant flow diagrams, with interactivity for optimised digital transparency and Open Synthesis,” Campbell Syst. Rev., vol. 18, no. 2, p. e1230, Jun. 2022, doi: 10.1002/cl2.1230.

W. K. Hidajat, S. Anggoro, and Najib, “Management of Coastal Areas with Sustainable Marine Ecotourism Development in Purworejo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia,” Adv. Sustain. Sci. Eng. Technol., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2020, doi: 10.26877/asset.v2i1.6020.

J. Surjanti, A. Soejoto, D. N. Seno, and Waspodo, “Mangrove forest ecotourism: Participatory ecological learning and sustainability of students’ behavior through self-efficacy and self-concept,” Soc. Sci. Humanit. Open, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 100009, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2019.100009.

P. R. Azzahra, E. Sumarga, and A. Sholihah, “Mangrove ecotourism development at Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia,” Biodiversitas, vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 4457–4468, 2023, doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d240827.

M. A. Nurdiansyah, G. M. Sabila, R. Alfianny, and M. Y. Abduh, “Sustainable Strategic Management for the Development of a Stingless Bee Agrotourism Park in Bukit Sandy, West Java, Indonesia,” Int. J. Sustain. Dev. Plan., vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 4303–4313, 2024, doi: 10.18280/ijsdp.191119.

H. Hidrawati, N. Normayasari, S. Sahari, S. Fyka, and W. Yusria, “A Study of the Potential of Ecotourism Development in Konawe Islands Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia,” Habitat, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 115–124, 2020, doi: 10.21776/ub.habitat.2020.031.3.14.

Z. Zulharman, M. Noeryoko, and I. Khaldun, “Development of ecotourism potential in Sambori Tribe, Bima, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia,” J. Appl. Sci. Travel Hosp., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 18–26, 2021, doi: 10.31940/jasth.v4i1.2291.

M. A. Aditya, F. Yulianda, and S. Sulistiono, “The Potential of Ecotourism Development in Water Reservation Area of Mahseer (Tor spp.) in Bungo Regency of Jambi, Indonesia,” J. Indones. Tour. Dev. Stud., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 153–161, 2021, doi: 10.21776/ub.jitode.2021.009.03.02.

E. Roslinda, A. Siswoyo, and N. Nantah, “Assessing the potential of tembawang, a traditional forest management in Sanggau, West Kalimantan, Indonesia for ecotourism,” Biodiversitas, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 2187–2195, 2022, doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d230454.

Z. A. Harahap and I. E. Susetya, “Marine ecotourism potential in unggeh island tapanuli tengah regency, north sumatra, indonesia,” J. Ilm. Perikan. dan Kelaut., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 250–262, 2020, doi: 10.20473/jipk.v12i2.17940.

D. ARINTA, S. SUMARMI, B. BUDIJANTO, and S. SUSILO, “Development of Integrated and Sustainable Community Based Eco-Tourism on Sipelot Beach, Indonesia,” Geoj. Tour. Geosites, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 19–26, 2023, doi: 10.30892/gtg.46102-996.

W. Wiratno, S. Withaningsih, B. Gunawan, and J. Iskandar, “Ecotourism as a Resource Sharing Strategy: Case Study of Community-Based Ecotourism at the Tangkahan Buffer Zone of Leuser National Park, Langkat District, North Sumatra, Indonesia,” Sustain., vol. 14, no. 6, 2022, doi: 10.3390/su14063399.

R. Tiarantika, Soemarno, A. Efani, and Koderi, “Developing a Decision Support System for Sustainable Management of Community-Based Ecotourism: A Case Study of CMC Tiga Warna,” Int. J. Sustain. Dev. Plan., vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 2205–2219, 2024, doi: 10.18280/ijsdp.190620.

R. Tiarantika, Soemarno, A. Efani, and Koderi, “Exploring the Sustainable Status of Community-Based Ecotourism in East Java, Indonesia: A Comprehensive Assessment,” Egypt. J. Aquat. Biol. Fish., vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 585–607, 2024, doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2024.358887.

D. J. Prihadi, G. Zhang, G. M. Lahbar, and B. Pasaribu, “Integration of Community-Based Tourism (CBT) Index and Biophysical Assessment for Sustainable Ecotourism Mangrove: A Case Study of Karangsong, Indonesia,” Sustain. , vol. 16, no. 7, 2024, doi: 10.3390/su16072806.

R. K. Anwar, E. Saepudin, and E. N. Rukmana, “The role of the stakeholders in sustainable ecotourism management at Malela Waterfall of Indonesia’s West Bandung,” J. Infrastructure, Policy Dev., vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 1–26, 2024, doi: 10.24294/jipd.v8i12.8112.

Sukardi, M. Fadli, D. Puspitawati, D. P. Maharani, and M. Lutfi, “Legal Optic on Digitalization of Cultural Heritage Through E-Tourism And E-Government to Back Up Ecotourism in Greater Malang Indonesia,” Leg. J. Ilm. Huk., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 182–195, 2022, doi: 10.22219/ljih.v30i2.21420.

Marlina, Sumarmi, I. K. Astina, and D. H. Utomo, “Traditional Value of Using Cave Water for Sustainable Ecotourism in Wakatobi Regency, Indonesia,” Geoj. Tour. Geosites , vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 621–627, 2022, doi: 10.30892/gtg.41237-871.

Y. A. Singgalen, “Mangrove forest utilization for sustainable livelihood through community-based ecotourism in kao village of north halmahera district,” J. Manaj. Hutan Trop., vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 155–168, 2020, doi: 10.7226/JTFM.26.2.155.

E. Kurniawati, S. Sumarmi, and M. Aliman, “Participation of green environmental group and ulur-ulur local wisdom on buret lake ecotourism management in karst area of tulungagung, Indonesia,” Geoj. Tour. Geosites , vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 889–895, 2020, doi: 10.30892/gtg.302spl15-519.

D. R. Riana et al., “The Functions of Myth in Mangrove Ecotourism Development in Ibu Kota Nusantara, Indonesia,” J. Mar. Isl. Cult., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 92–110, 2024, doi: 10.21463/jmic.2024.13.1.06.

I. G. E. P. S. Sentanu, A. Prabowo, K. Kumalasari, A. P. Galih, and R. E. Wismanu, “Stakeholder Collaboration Model for Ecotourism Development in Indonesia: Case Study from Batu City East Java Province,” J. Gov. Civ. Soc., vol. 5, no. 2, p. 214, 2021, doi: 10.31000/jgcs.v5i2.4420.

S. Sukuryadi, H. I. Johari, M. Primyastanto, and B. Semedi, “Institutional Capacity in the Mangrove Ecotourism Development of Lembar Area, West Lombok, Indonesia,” Econ. Soc. Fish. Mar. J., vol. 008, no. 02, pp. 151–165, 2021, doi: 10.21776/ub.ecsofim.2021.008.02.01.

M. Musleh, A. Subianto, and V. D. Prasita, “Stakeholder Interaction in the Development of Oxygen Ecotourism on Gili Iyang Island, Indonesia,” J. Gov. Civ. Soc., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 297–323, 2023, doi: 10.31000/jgcs.v7i2.8251.

E. Desembrianita et al., “Ecotourism : Super Priority Tourism Development and Preservation Strategy in Indonesia,” Innov. J. Soc. Sci. Res., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 1619–1627, 2024.

S. Erlinda, A. Mulyadi, Zulkarnain, and Suwondo, “Policy Strategy for Sustainable Management of Mangrove Ecotourism in Siak Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia,” Int. J. Sustain. Dev. Plan., vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 173–183, 2022, doi: 10.18280/ijsdp.170117.

E. N. Sarinastiti and M. S. Wicaksono, “Coastal Ecotourism Management for Sustainable Development in Panggul, Trenggalek Regency, East Java, Indonesia,” J. Sustain. Sci. Manag., vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 256–273, 2021, doi: 10.46754/jssm.2021.08.022.

M. H. Tamrin, D. Muhafidin, H. Nurasa, and E. A. Muhtar, “Stakeholders analysis of tourism governance in Dalegan beach ecotourism, East Java, Indonesia,” J. Infrastructure, Policy Dev., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 1–15, 2024, doi: 10.24294/jipd.v8i3.3107.

L. Ni’am, S. Koot, and J. Jongerden, “Selling captive nature: Lively commodification, elephant encounters, and the production of value in Sumatran ecotourism, Indonesia,” Geoforum, vol. 127, no. October, pp. 162–170, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2021.10.018.

N. S. Idris, M. A. Mustapha, N. Sulaiman, S. Khamis, S. M. Husin, and N. D. A. Darbis, “The dynamics of landscape changes surrounding a firefly ecotourism area,” Glob. Ecol. Conserv., vol. 29, no. November 2020, p. e01741, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01741.

H. Rifai et al., “Understanding stakeholders’ perception on developing seagrass-associated tourism: Evidence from marine protected areas of Bintan Island, Indonesia,” Mar. Pollut. Bull., vol. 209, no. PA, p. 117063, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117063.

Ridwan, M. Zahrah, and Rahmawaty, “Ethnobotanical study and conservation strategy of medicinal plants in the ecotourism area of Kedah Rainforest Lodges in Aceh, Indonesia,” Biodiversitas, vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 6227–6237, 2022, doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d231218.

L. ZAMZAMI, M. ALIMAN, and AZWAR, “The effect of ecotourism development on marine conservation area in west sumatera, indonesia,” Geoj. Tour. Geosites , vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 1166–1174, 2021, doi: 10.30892/gtg.38423-757.

S. Zainal, N. Nirzalin, F. Fakhrurrazi, R. Yunanda, I. Ilham, and B. Badaruddin, “Actualizing local knowledge for sustainable ecotourism development in a protected forest area: insights from the Gayonese in Aceh Tengah, Indonesia,” Cogent Soc. Sci., vol. 10, no. 1, p., 2024, doi: 10.1080/23311886.2024.2302212.

R. N. Afifah et al., “Ecotourism development as a community-based conservation effort in Ayah Mangrove Forest, Kebumen, Central Java, Indonesia,” Asian J. For., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 37–44, 2023, doi: 10.13057/asianjfor/r070105.

D. Nugraha, H. S. Alikodra, C. Kusmana, and Y. Setiawan, “Ecotourism Development Model Based on Disaster Risk Reduction in an Ecotourism Site in Indonesia,” J. Sustain. Sci. Manag., vol. 17, no. 9, pp. 96–113, 2022, doi: 10.46754/jssm.2022.09.007.

A. Mulyadi, Efriyeld, R. Hamidy, and Nofrizal, “Development of Mangrove Ecotourism in Bandar Bakau Dumai Based on Disaster Mitigation,” Int. J. Sustain. Dev. Plan., vol. 16, no. 7, pp. 1359–1367, 2021, doi: 10.18280/ijsdp.160716.

I. Junaid, N. S. Mior Shariffuddin, and A. Al Qassem, “Planning Seaweed Farming Based Ecotourism: a Tourism Spectrum Approach in Bantaeng Regency, Indonesia,” Plan. Malaysia, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 72–86, 2023, doi: 10.21837/PM.V21I30.1387.

T. Bela and E. Maryani, “Strategi Pengembangan Ekowisata berbasis edukasi,” vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 345–358, 2024, doi: 10.37411.

N. Nurjanah, Y. Yasir, S. Samsir, M. Nor, and N. Yohana, “Pengembangan Ekowisata Pantai Berbasis Edukasi Lingkungan Di Desa Muntai Barat Kecamatan Bantan Kabupaten Bengkalis,” J. Community Serv. Public Aff., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 133–148, 2022, doi: 10.46730/jcspa.v2i4.58.

Z. S. M. Minata et al., “Program Penerapan Teknologi Inovasi Educational QR Code di Ekowisata Pulau Lusi Sidoarjo,” Sasambo J. Abdimas (Journal Community Serv., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 24–32, 2023, doi: 10.36312/sasambo.v5i1.970.

F. Affandi, S. Dwp, and A. Yulianto, “Local Wisdom-Based Ecotourism Development Strategy for Lolong Adventure Area, Pekalongan Regency,” J. Econ. Educ., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 55–64, 2023, [Online]. Available: http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jeec

P. Husain, A. Al Idrus, and M. S. Ihsan, “The Ecosystem Service of Mangroves for Sustainable Coastal Area and Marine Fauna in Lombok, Indonesia: A Review,” vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2020.

A. E. J. K. Nugroho, “ANALISIS POTENSI DAN ARAHAN PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI KECAMATAN NGARGOYOSO KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR TAHUN 2019 (Implementasi Materi Pembelajaran Geografi SMA Kelas XI Semester I Kurikulum 2013 KD. 3.3. Menganalisis Sebaran dan Pengelolaan,” Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://digilib.uns.ac.id/dokumen/abstrak/70076/ANALISIS-POTENSI-DAN-ARAHAN-PENGEMBANGAN-EKOWISATA-BERBASIS-MASYARAKAT-DI-KECAMATAN-NGARGOYOSO-KABUPATEN-KARANGANYAR-TAHUN-2019-Implementasi-Materi-Pembelajaran-Geografi-SMA-Kelas-XI-Semester-I-Kurikulum-201

W. Prihanta, A. Syarifuddin, and A. M. Zainuri, “Pembentukan kawasan ekonomi melalui pengembangan ekowisata berbasis masyarakat,” J. Dedik., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 73–84, 2017, [Online]. Available: http://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/dedikasi/article/view/4304/4662

E. D. H. P. Putri, A. Yulianto, D. M. Wardani, and L. E. Saputro, “Dampak Ekonomi, Sosial dan Lingkungan Terhadap Ekowisata Berbasis Masyarakat,” J. Ilm. Pariwisata, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 317–327, 2022.

W. C. Saputro, G. S. Putro, and N. Noviastuti, “Strategi Pengelolaan Ekowisata Berbasis Masyarakat Di Dusun Kalibiru Kabupaten Kulon Progo Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta,” J. Nusant. (Jurnal Ilm. Pariwisata dan Perhotelan), vol. 7, no. 1, 2024.

S. Haisah, A. Ariawan, and C. P. Abdussamad, “Pengembangan Ekonomi Kreatif Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Menuju Pariwisata Berkelanjutan,” Wikrama Parahita J. Pengabdi. Masy., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 7–15, 2024.

S. Mattiro, N. Nasrullah, and R. P, “Potensi Ekowisata Pesisir Berbasis Kearifan Lokal,” J. Ilm. Mandala Educ., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 220–225, 2021, doi: 10.58258/jime.v7i2.1996.

A. Mahyuningsih, P. E. Wirawan, and N. W. M. S. A. Yani, “Strategi Pemasaran Desa Wisata Sukarara dalam Meningkatkan Kunjungan Wisatawan,” J. Ilm. Pariwisata dan Bisnis, vol. 3, no. 7, pp. 1119–1124, 2024, doi: 10.22334/paris.v3i7.827.

A. Nurhayati, I. Aisah, and A. K. Supriatna, “Model development of a synergistic sustainable marine ecotourism-A case study in Pangandaran Region, West Java Province, Indonesia,” Sustain., vol. 11, no. 12, 2019, doi: 10.3390/SU11123418.

R. R. Al Hakim, S. Rukayah, and E. K. Nasution, “Peluang dan Tantangan Konservasi Berbasis Ekowisata,” Proceeding Semin. Nas. IPA XII “PISA Melalui Sains Masa Depan Untuk Gener. Berwawasan Lingkungan,” pp. 12–16, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://proceeding.unnes.ac.id/index.php/snipa/article/view/1331

M. Yuniartik, A. T. K. Dewi, M. P. Nugrahani, and E. W. Setyaningrum, “Identification of The Potential of Mangrove At Pantai Sari, Pakis, Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur,” Sriwij. J. Environ., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 36–41, 2021, doi: 10.22135/sje.2021.6.1.36-41.

W. Rampangilei et al., RBI Risiko Bencana Indonesia. Jakarta: Direktorat Pengurangan Risiko Bencana BNPB, 2016.

N. Nofriya and A. Fadhly, “Resilience of Ecotourism Activities to Climate Change, Case Study: Nyarai Tourism Destination, Padang Pariaman,” Sriwij. J. Environ., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 56–60, 2022, doi: 10.22135/sje.2022.7.1.56-60.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Sriwijaya Journal of Environment

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.