The Growth of PB 260 Clone of Rubber Plant on Peatland

Jamin Saputra, Alchemi Putri Juliantika Kusdiana

Abstract


The expansion of the area for the cultivation of rubber plants is hampered by the fact that the availability of mineral land has begun to decrease, so many have started to plant rubber on marginal lands such as peatlands. Peatlands for agriculture have many limiting factors, but if peatlands are adequately managed with drainage as well as ameliorant and fertilizing inputs, then peatlands have the potential to be used as agricultural land. However, information on research results related to rubber cultivation on peatlands is still very limited, so this study was carried out to observe the growth of rubber plants of PB 260 clones on peatlands. The research was carried out for five years in Sungai Rengit Village, South Sumatra, using rubber planting material in a polybag of PB 260 clones. The observations' parameters were stem girth, peat water level, and peat subsidence. The results showed that the growth of PB 260 clones during the immature plant period on peatland was not significantly different from rubber plants on mineral soils. At the research location, there was never any puddle and the peat water level was maintained because the drainage channels were well made. During the five years of observation, the highest peat water level occurred in the rainy season at 27 cm from the peat surface, while the lowest peat water level occurred in the dry season, which was more than 150 cm from the peat surface. The peat decline reached 25 cm during the five years of observation

Keywords


stem girth; peat water level; peat subsidence

Full Text:

FULL TEXT PDF

References


P. S. Rao and K. R. Vijayakumar, “Climatic requirements,” in Natural Rubber : Biology, Cultivation, and Technology, Sethuraj M. R. and N.M. Mathew, Ed. Amsterdam, 1992.

W. A. Watson, “Climate and soil,” in Rubber, Tropical Agriculture Series, C. Webster and W. . Baulkwill, Eds. London: Longman group, 1989, pp. 125–164.

M. J. Dijkman, Hevea Thirty Years of Research in the Far East. Coral Gables, Florida.: University of Miami Press, 1951.

A. Fahmuddin and I. G. . Subiksa, Lahan Gambut ; Potensi untuk Pertanian dan Aspek Lingkungan. Bogor: Balai Penelitian Tanah dan World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), 2008.

A. A. Mutalib, J. S. Lim, M. H. Wong, and L. Koonvai, “Characterization, distribution and utilization of peat in Malaysia,” 1991.

I. P. G. Widjaja-Adhi, “Developing tropical peatlands for agriculture,” in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Biodiversity, Environmental Importance and Sustainability of Tropical Peat and Peatlands, 1997, pp. 45–54.

Y. L. Tie and J. S. Lim, “Characteristics and classification of organic soils in Malaysia,” 1991.

I. P. G. Widjaja-Adhi, “Physical and chemical characteristic of peat soil of Indonesia,” Indon. Agric Res Dev J, vol. 10, pp. 59–64, 1988.

Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Peta lahan gambut skala 1:250.000 edisi tahun 2011. Bogor: Indonesian Soil Research Institute, Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, 2011.

F. K. Yew, “Soil factors affecting rubber performance,” Planters’s Bulletin Number 207, 1991.

Y. T. Adiwiganda et al., “Teknik penyusunan rekomendasi pemupukan tanaman karet,” in Forum Komunikasi Karet, 1994, pp. 1–17.

M. Lasminingsih, Kondisi tajuk tanaman karet klon IRR 118. 2013.

T. Wijaya and U. Hidayati, “Pemupukan,” in Saptabina Usahatani Karet Rakyat, 6th ed., M. Lasminingsih, H. Suryaningtyas, C. Nancy, and A. Vachlepi, Eds. Palembang: Balai Penelitian Sembawa, 2012.

E. Budianto, E. Rahayu, and E. Firmansyah, “Kajian produksi dan karakter agronomi kelapa sawit pada lahan mineral dan lahan gambut di PT. Subur Arum Makmur 2,” J. Agromast, vol. 1, no. 2, 2016.

J. Saputra, R. Ardika, and T. Wijaya, “Tantangan dan potensi pengembangan karet pada lahan gambut,” in Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Karet, 2012, pp. 241–250.

Kuswanhadi and E. Herlinawati, “Penyadapan tanaman karet,” in Saptabina Usahatani Karet Rakyat, 8th ed., A. Vachlepi, Sahuri, S. Ismawanto, C. T. Stevanus, and M. Aji, Eds. Palembang: Balai Penelitian Sembawa, Pusat Penelitian Karet, 2018, p. 105.

J. Saputra, A. N. Cahyo, and A. P. J. Kusdiana, “Perbandingan pertumbuhan tanaman karet belum menghasilkan asal bibit tabela dan stum polibeg,” War. Perkaretan, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 127–136, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.22302/ppk.wp.v39i2.697.

T. Wijaya, “Monitoring and climatic data use for rubber plantation management,” 2019, doi: doi:10.1088/1755-1315/399/1/012079.

A. N. Cahyo, R. H. Murti, and E. T. S. Putra, “Dampak kekeringan terhadap proses fisiologis, pertumbuhan, dan hasil tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.),” War. Perkaretan, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 57–72, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.22302/ppk.wp.v39i1.664.

L. Samarappuli, “‘El-nino’: its effects on rubber plantations,” Bull. Rubber Res. Inst. Sri Lanka, vol. 37, pp. 1–3, 1998.

J. Saputra, C. T. Stevanus, and A. N. Cahyo, “Dampak el-nino tahun 2015 terhadap pertumbunan tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis) di kebun percobaan Balai Penelitian Sembawa,” Widyariset, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 37–46, 2016.

N. Febrianti, K. Murtilaksono, and B. Barus, “Pengaruh tinggi muka air gambut sebagai indikator peringatan dini bahaya kebakaran di Sungai Jangkang - Sungai Liong,” J. Penginderaan Jauh dan Pengolah. Data Citra Digit., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 9–19, 2018, doi: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.30536/j.pjpdcd.2019.v16.a3059.

F. Reynaldi, H. Herawati, and Kartini, “Tata air mikro dalam upaya pengendalian muka air tanah pada lahan gambut (studi kasus desa Wajok Hilir),” J. Elektron. Laut, Sipil, Tambang, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2021, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jelast.v8i1.45743.

N. Wakhid, S. Nurzakiah, Nurita, and Zainudin, “Dinamika tinggi muka air dan suhu tanah gambut pada tahun el niño,” Agric, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 103–110, 2018.

U. Silins and R. L. Rothwell, “Spatial patterns of aerobic limit depth and oxygen diffusion rate at two peatlands drained for forestry in Alberta,” Can. J. For. Res., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 53–61, 1999.

J. Landry and L. Rochefort, The drainage of peatlands : impacts and rewetting techniques. Canada: Peatland Ecology Research Group, Université Laval, Québec, 2012.

J. Holden, M. G. Evans, T. P. Burt, and M. Horton, “Impact of land drainage on peatland hydrology,” J. Environ. Qual., vol. 35, pp. 1764 – 1778, 2006.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22135/sje.2023.8.2.109-114

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Sriwijaya Journal of Environment

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.